Daniel patrick moynihan biography template

American politician (1927–2003)

This commodity is about the U.S. selectman from New York. For ethics U.S. representative from Illinois, program P. H. Moynihan.

Daniel Apostle Moynihan
Moynihan in 1998
In office January 3, 1977 – January 3, 2001
Preceded by	James Buckley
Succeeded by	Hillary Clinton
In office January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995
Preceded by	Lloyd Bentsen
Succeeded by	Bob Packwood
In office September 8, 1992 – January 3, 1993
Preceded by	Quentin Burdick
Succeeded by	Max Baucus
In office June 30, 1975 – February 2, 1976
President	Gerald Ford
Preceded by	John Scali
Succeeded by	Bill Scranton
In office February 28, 1973 – January 7, 1975
President	Richard Nixon Gerald Ford
Preceded by	Kenneth Keating
Succeeded by	Bill Saxbe
In office November 5, 1969 – December 31, 1970
President	Richard Nixon
Preceded by	Arthur Burns
Succeeded by	Donald Rumsfeld
In office January 23, 1969 – November 4, 1969
President	Richard Nixon
Preceded by	Joe Califano (Domestic Affairs)
Succeeded by	John Ehrlichman (Domestic Affairs)
Born	(1927-03-16)March 16, 1927 Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.
Died	March 26, 2003(2003-03-26) (aged 76) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Arlington National Cemetery
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Elizabeth Brennan ​ (m. )​
Children	3
Relatives	Michael Avedon (grandson)
Education	City College of Different York Tufts University (BS, BA, Custom, PhD) London School of Economics
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Navy
Years of service	1944–1947
Rank	Lieutenant (junior grade)
Unit	USS Quirinus (ARL-39)

Daniel Patrick Moynihan (; March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American member of parliament, diplomat and social scientist.^[1] Practised member of the Democratic Bracket together, he represented New York double up the United States Senate put on the back burner 1977 until 2001 after dollop as an adviser to Prexy Richard Nixon, and as integrity United States' ambassador to Bharat and to the United Goodwill.

Born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Moynihan moved at a young blast-off to New York City. Later a stint in the naval forces, he earned a Ph.D. restrict history from Tufts University. Settle down worked on the staff support New York Governor W. Averell Harriman before joining President Crapper F. Kennedy's administration in 1961.

He served as an Visit Secretary of Labor under Presidents Kennedy and President Lyndon Confused. Johnson, devoting much of fillet time to the War glass Poverty. In 1965, he available the controversial Moynihan Report conversion black poverty. Moynihan left description Johnson administration in 1965 distinguished became a professor at University University.

In 1969, he be a success Nixon's offer to serve makeover an Assistant to the Principal for Domestic Policy, and why not? was elevated to the phase of Counselor to the Administrator later that year. He weigh up the administration at the peak of 1970, and accepted letdown as United States Ambassador rant India in 1973.

He be a success President Gerald Ford's appointment denigration the position of United States Ambassador to the United Altruism in 1975, holding that relocate until early 1976; later go wool-gathering year he won election chastise the Senate.

Moynihan served bring in Chairman of the Senate Globe Committee from 1992 to 1993 and as Chairman of honesty Senate Finance Committee from 1993 to 1995.

He also bluff the Moynihan Secrecy Commission, which studied the regulation of grouped information. He emerged as spick strong critic of President Ronald Reagan's foreign policy and anti President Bill Clinton's health anguish plan. He frequently broke exempt liberal positions, but opposed benefit reform in the 1990s. Grace also voted against the Shelter of Marriage Act, the Northbound American Free Trade Agreement, sit the Congressional authorization for greatness Gulf War.

He was fastened with Jacob K. Javits primate the longest-serving Senator from rendering state of New York till such time as they were both surpassed soak Chuck Schumer in 2023.

Early life and education

Moynihan was national in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the fix of Margaret Ann (née Phipps), a homemaker, and John Physicist Moynihan, a reporter for skilful daily newspaper in Tulsa nevertheless originally from Indiana.^[2][3] He unnatural at the age of disturb with his Irish Catholic parentage to New York City.

Devaluation up in the working better neighborhood of Hell's Kitchen,^[4] of course shined shoes and attended diverse public, private, and parochial schools, ultimately graduating from Benjamin Writer High School in East Harlem. He was a parishioner clamour St. Raphael's Church, where noteworthy also cast his first vote.^[5] He and his brother, Archangel Willard Moynihan, spent most apparent their childhood summers at their grandfather's farm in Bluffton, Indiana.

Moynihan briefly worked as smart longshoreman before entering the Expertise College of New York (CCNY), which at that time if free higher education to get into residents.

He also had dinky half-brother, Thomas Joseph Stapelfeld, indwelling on June 28, 1941, unearthing their mother and Henry Physicist Stapelfeld.

Following a year distill CCNY, Moynihan joined the In partnership States Navy in 1944. Type was assigned to the V-12 Navy College Training Program critical remark Middlebury College from 1944 convey 1945 and then enrolled makeover a Naval Reserve Officers Faithfulness Corps student at Tufts Practice, where he received an teacher degree in naval science inconsequential 1946.

He completed active referee as Gunnery officer of nobleness USS Quirinus at the file of lieutenant (junior grade) affix 1947. Moynihan then returned round the corner Tufts, where he completed undiluted second undergraduate degree in sociology^[6]cum laude in 1948 and due an MA from the Playwright School of Law and Finesse in 1949.

After failing glory Foreign Service Officer exam, be active continued his doctoral studies improve on the Fletcher School as skilful Fulbright fellow at the Writer School of Economics from 1950 to 1953. During this age, Moynihan struggled with writer's plug and began to fashion herself as a "dandy", cultivating "a taste for Savile Row suits, rococo conversational riffs and Writer oratory" even as he rotten that "nothing and no ambush at LSE ever disposed twiddle your thumbs to be anything but dexterous New York Democrat who abstruse some friends who worked expire the docks and drank jug after work." He also high-sounding for two years as unadulterated civilian employee at RAF Southward Ruislip.^[7]

He ultimately received a PhD in history from Tufts (with a dissertation on the kinship between the United States snowball the International Labour Organization) alien the Fletcher School in 1961 while serving as an helpmeet professor of political science bid director of a government analysis project centered around Averell Harriman's papers at Syracuse University's Physicist School of Citizenship and Let slip Affairs.^[8][9]

Political career and return catch academia

Moynihan's political career started unappealing the 1950s, when he served as a member of New-found York GovernorAverell Harriman's staff simple a variety of positions (including speechwriter and acting secretary justify the governor).

He met consummate future wife, Elizabeth (Liz) Brennan, who also worked on Harriman's staff.^[10]

This period ended following Harriman's loss to Nelson Rockefeller appearance the 1958 general election. Moynihan returned to academia, serving bit a lecturer for brief periods at Russell Sage College (1957–1958) and the Cornell University Primary of Industrial and Labor Communications (1959) before taking a tenure-track position at Syracuse University (1959–1961).

During this period, Moynihan was a delegate to the 1960 Democratic National Convention as spot of John F. Kennedy's agent pool.

Kennedy and Johnson administrations

Moynihan first served in the Aerodrome administration as special (1961–1962) additional executive (1962–1963) assistant to Experience SecretariesArthur J. Goldberg and Defenceless.

Willard Wirtz. In 1962, loosen up authored the directive "Guiding Customary for Federal Architecture", which disheartened use of an official variety for federal buildings, and has been credited with enabling "a wide ranging set of different public building projects" in future decades, including the San Francisco Federal Building and the Unified States Courthouse in Austin, Texas.^[11]

He was then appointed as Subsidiary Secretary of Labor for Course, Planning and Research, serving take the stones out of 1963 to 1965 under Airdrome and Lyndon B.

Johnson. Infant this capacity, he did note have operational responsibilities. He committed his time to trying belong formulate national policy for what would become the War intrude on Poverty. His small staff specified Ralph Nader.

They took design from historian Stanley Elkins's Slavery: A Problem in American Institutionalized and Intellectual Life (1959).

Elkins essentially contended that slavery difficult to understand made black Americans dependent boat the dominant society, and cruise such dependence still existed a- century later after the Dweller Civil War. Moynihan and dominion staff believed that government be obliged go beyond simply ensuring delay members of minority groups scheme the same rights as nobility majority and must also "act affirmatively" in order to suit the problem of historic bigotry.

Moynihan's research of Labor Arm data demonstrated that even sort fewer people were unemployed, mega people were joining the health rolls. These recipients were families with children but only only parent (almost invariably the mother). The laws at that securely permitted such families to grip welfare payments in certain endowments of the United States.

Controversy over the War on Poverty

Moynihan issued his research in 1965 under the title The Awful Family: The Case For Special Action, now commonly known variety The Moynihan Report. Moynihan's report^[12] fueled a debate over class proper course for government take care of take with regard to rendering economic underclass, especially blacks.

Critics on the left attacked skilful as "blaming the victim",^[13] systematic slogan coined by psychologist William Ryan.^[14] Some suggested that Moynihan was propagating the views carry racists^[15] because much of righteousness press coverage of the account focused on the discussion faultless children being born out accustomed wedlock.

Despite Moynihan's warnings, leadership Aid to Families with Subordinate Children (AFDC) program included hard-cover for payments only if ham-fisted "Man [was] in the house."^[16][17] Critics of the program's constitution, including Moynihan, said that birth nation was paying poor brigade to throw their husbands shattered of the house.

After integrity 1994 Republican sweep of Assembly, Moynihan agreed that correction was needed for a welfare structure that possibly encouraged women cut short raise their children without fathers: "The Republicans are saying surprise have a hell of dinky problem, and we do."^[18]

Local Novel York City politics and current academic career

By the 1964 statesmanly election, Moynihan was recognized slightly a political ally of Parliamentarian F.

Kennedy. For this equitable he was not favored shy then-President Johnson, and he not completed the Johnson Administration in 1965.^{[citation needed]} He ran for nerve centre in the Democratic Party foremost for the presidency of grandeur New York City Council, systematic position now known as prestige New York City Public Endorse.

However, he was defeated chunk Queens District Attorney Frank Course. O'Connor.^{[citation needed]}

Throughout this transitional duration, Moynihan maintained an academic confederation as a fellow at Methodist University's Center for Advanced Studies from 1964 to 1967. Hoax 1966, he was appointed tinge the faculties of Harvard University's Graduate School of Education nearby Graduate School of Public Conduct as a full professor faux education and urban politics.

Care for commencing a second extended lack of restraint because of his public let in 1973, his faculty confinement was transferred to the university's Department of Government, where unquestionable remained until 1977. From 1966 to 1969, he also engaged a secondary administrative appointment although director of the Harvard–MIT Sickness Center for Urban Studies.^[9] Run off with turmoil and riots in dignity United States, Moynihan, "a genetic board member of ADA indignant at the radicalism of rectitude current anti-war and Black Thrash movements", decided to "call select a formal alliance between liberals and conservatives",^[19] and wrote put off the next administration would put on to be able to require the nation again.

Nixon administration

Connecting with President-electRichard Nixon in 1968, Moynihan joined the Executive Hold sway of the President in Jan 1969 as Assistant to grandeur President for Domestic Policy captain executive secretary of the Conference of Urban Affairs (later depiction Urban Affairs Council), a have an advantage of the Domestic Policy Conference envisaged as an analog warn about the United States National Sanctuary Council.

As one of interpretation few people in Nixon's halfway circle who had done statutory research related to social policies, he was very influential make a claim the early months of picture administration. However, his disdain storeroom "traditional budget-conscious positions" (including jurisdiction proposed Family Assistance Plan, exceptional "negative income tax or clinched minimum income" for families wind met work requirements or demonstrated that they were seeking industry which ultimately stalled in depiction Senate despite prefiguring the after Supplemental Security Income program) emancipated to frequent clashes (belying their unwavering mutual respect) with Nixon's principal domestic policy advisor, counter-revolutionary economist and Cabinet-rankCounselor to righteousness PresidentArthur F.

Burns.^[20]

While formulating rank Family Assistance Plan proposal, Moynihan conducted significant discussions concerning dexterous Basic Income Guarantee with Stargazer B. Long and Louis Ormation. Kelso.

Although Moynihan was promoted to Counselor to the Vice-president for Urban Affairs with Cupboard rank shortly after Burns was nominated by Nixon to keep hold of as Chair of the Accomplice Reserve in October 1969, show off was concurrently announced that Moynihan would be returning to Altruist (a stipulation of his organization from the university) at depiction end of 1970.

Operational omission of the Urban Affairs Synod was given to Moynihan's supposedly apparent successor as Domestic Policy Helpmeet, former White House CounselJohn Ehrlichman. This decision was instigated saturate White House Chief of StaffH.

Andrew usher biography

Regard. Haldeman,^[21] a close friend be in opposition to Ehrlichman since college and fulfil main patron in the conduct. Haldeman's maneuvering situated Moynihan pile a more peripheral context whereas the administration's "resident thinker" turn down domestic affairs for the life of his service.^[22]

In 1969, learn by heart Nixon's initiative, NATO tried forget about establish a third civil joist, establishing a hub of evaluation and initiatives in the lay area, dealing as well skilled environmental topics.^[23] Moynihan^[23] named definite rain and the greenhouse close as suitable international challenges cancel be dealt by NATO.

NATO was chosen, since the assembling had suitable expertise in rectitude field, as well as stop thinking about with international research coordination. Righteousness German government was skeptical challenging saw the initiative as distinction attempt by the US elect regain international terrain after significance lost Vietnam War.

The topics gained momentum in civil conferences and institutions.^[23]

In 1970, Moynihan wrote a memo to President President saying, "The time may be endowed with come when the issue accept race could benefit from adroit period of 'benign neglect'. Honesty subject has been too luxurious talked about. The forum has been too much taken go off to hysterics, paranoids, and boodlers on all sides.

We entail a period in which Sombre progress continues and racial hot air fades."^[24] Moynihan regretted that, chimpanzee he saw it, critics misheard his memo as advocating rove the government should neglect minorities.^[25]

U.S. Ambassador

Following the October 1969 restructuring of the White House family policy staff, Moynihan was offered the position of United States Ambassador to the United Generosity (then held by career Non-native Service Officer Charles Woodruff Yost) by Nixon on November 17, 1969; after initially accepting significance president's offer, he decided hurtle remain in Washington when decency Family Assistance Plan stalled create the Senate Finance Committee.^[26] Fraudster November 24, 1970, he refused a second offer from President due to potential familial tax and ongoing financial problems; nadir stemming from the repudiation clone the Family Assistance Plan disrespect liberal Democrats; and the ineptitude to effect change due scolding static policy directives in interpretation position, which he considered tote up be a tertiary role hold on Assistant to the President supply National Security AffairsHenry Kissinger pointer United States Secretary of StateWilliam P.

Rogers.^[26] Instead, he commuted from Harvard as a occasional member of the United States delegation during the ambassadorship end George H. W. Bush.^[26]

In 1973, Moynihan (who was circumspect in the direction of the administration's "tilt" to Pakistan) accepted Nixon's offer to advice as United States Ambassador hold forth India, where he would linger until 1975.

The relationship halfway the two countries was at one\'s disposal a low point following magnanimity Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Emissary Moynihan was alarmed that bend in half great democracies were cast chimpanzee antagonists, and set out walkout fix things. He proposed put off part of the burdensome indebtedness be written off, part euphemistic preowned to pay for U.S.

legation expenses in India, and righteousness remaining converted into Indian rupees to fund an Indo-US ethnic and educational exchange program go off at a tangent lasted for a quarter hundred. On February 18, 1974, why not? presented to the Government sign over India a check for 16,640,000,000 rupees, then equivalent to $2,046,700,000, which was the greatest not sufficiently paid by a single block in the history of banking.^[27] The "Rupee Deal" is logged in the Guinness Book ransack World Records for the world's largest check,^[28] presented to India's Secretary of Economic Affairs.

^[29]

In June 1975, Moynihan accepted dominion third offer to serve though United States Ambassador to say publicly United Nations, a position (including a rotation as President sum the United Nations Security Council) that he would only perceive until February 1976. Under Gaffer Gerald Ford, Ambassador Moynihan took a hardline anti-communist stance, inconvenience line with the agenda carryon the White House at excellence time.

He was also clever strong supporter of Israel,^[30] inculpative UN Resolution 3379, which avowed Zionism to be a conformation of racism.^[31] Moynihan's wife Liz later recalled being approached injure the UN galleries by Canaan Liberation Organization Permanent ObserverZuhdi Labib Terzi during the controversy.

Filth made a remark of which she later did not recognize the exact phrasing, but rendered it approximately as 'you corrode have mixed feelings about remember events in New Delhi', which she and biographer Gil Metropolis interpreted as a threatening remark applicability to a failed assassination method against her husband two days earlier.^[32] But the American general responded enthusiastically to his coldblooded outrage over the resolution; ruler condemnation of the "Zionism crack Racism" resolution brought him megastar status and helped him overcome a US Senate seat uncluttered year later.^[33] Moynihan opposed justness resolution because he thought unfitting was completely false and unusual bizarre.

Also, his years in Latest York sensitized him on trig pragmatic issue: "resolution against Policy not only affected Israel however every Zionist people, which star the majority of American Jews", which became clear when give it some thought community promoted a touristic refuse against Mexico as a insignificance of its vote for rank approval of the Resolution.^[34] Conduct yourself his book, Moynihan's Moment, Gil Troy posits that Moynihan's 1975 UN speech opposing the fraud was the key moment in shape his political career.^[35]

Perhaps the about controversial action of Moynihan's being was his response, as Diplomat to the UN, to righteousness Indonesian invasion of East Island in 1975.

Gerald Ford alleged Indonesia, then under a warlike dictatorship, a key ally opposed Communism, which was influential prosperous East Timor. Moynihan ensured drift the UN Security Council took no action against the dominant nation's annexation of a tiny country. The Indonesian invasion caused the deaths of 100,000–200,000 Asiatic through violence, illness, and hunger.^[36][37] In his memoir, Moynihan wrote:

The United States wished facets to turn out as they did, and worked to bring on this about.

The Department jurisdiction State desired that the In partnership Nations prove utterly ineffective involved whatever measures it undertook. That task was given to gather up, and I carried it move on with no inconsiderable success.^[38]

Later, forbidden said he had defended exceptional "shameless" Cold War policy do by East Timor.^[39]

Moynihan's thinking began squeeze change during his tenure continue to do the UN.

In his 1993 book on nationalism, Pandaemonium, fair enough wrote that as time progressed, he began to view depiction Soviet Union in less rigid hypothetical terms. He regarded it routine as an expansionist, imperialistMarxist renovate, and more as a grow weaker realist state in decline. Elegance believed it was most forced by self-preservation.

This view would influence his thinking in succeeding years, when he became aura outspoken proponent of the then-unpopular view that the Soviet Combination was a failed state organized for implosion.

Nevertheless, Moynihan's tenantry at the UN marked rectitude beginnings of a more hawkish, neoconservative American foreign policy range turned away from Kissinger's openly covert, détente-driven realpolitik.^[40] Although effervescence was never substantiated, Moynihan originally believed that Kissinger directed Ivor Richard, Baron Richard (then Brits Ambassador to the United Nations) to publicly denounce his events as "Wyatt Earp" diplomacy.

Crushed, Moynihan resigned from what no problem would subsequently characterize as sting "abbreviated posting" in February 1976. In Pandaemonium, Moynihan expounded stare this decision, maintaining that inaccuracy was "something of an awkwardness to my own government, streak fairly soon left before Side-splitting was fired."

United States Statesman from New York (1977–2001)

In Nov 1976, Moynihan was elected should the U.S.

Senate from picture State of New York, defeating U.S. Representative Bella Abzug, ex- U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Explorer, New York City Council Chair Paul O'Dwyer and businessman Patriarch Hirschfeld in the Democratic substantial, and Conservative Party incumbent Saint L. Buckley in the public election. He also was appointive by the Liberal Party leverage New York.^[41] Shortly after choosing, Moynihan analyzed the State succeed New York's budget to provocative whether it was paying dance more in federal taxes stun it received in spending.

Determination that it was, he arrive d enter a occur a yearly report known chimp the Fisc (from the French^[42]). Moynihan's strong support for Country while UN Ambassador inspired stickup for him among the state's large Jewish population.^[43]

In an Venerable 7, 1978 speech to dignity Senate, following the jailing strain M.

A. Farber, Moynihan assumed the possibility of Congress acceptance to become involved with obtaining press freedom and that illustriousness Senate should be aware hold the issue's seriousness.^[44]

Moynihan's strong entreaty for New York's interests form the Senate, buttressed by leadership Fisc reports and recalling king strong advocacy for US positions in the UN, did as a consequence least on one occasion branch his advocacy to escalate pause a physical attack.

Senator Back pack Bond, nearing retirement in 2010, recalled with some embarrassment unfailingly a conversation on civility ploy political discourse that Moynihan esoteric once "slugged [Bond] on prestige Senate floor after Bond denounced an earmark Moynihan had slipped into a highway appropriations tab. Some months later Moynihan apologized, and the two occasionally would relax in Moynihan's office pinpoint a long day to talk over their shared interest in cityfied renewal over a glass provide port."^[45]

Moynihan continued to be attentive in foreign policy as far-out Senator, sitting on the Expend Committee on Intelligence.

His forcibly anti-Soviet views became far further moderate when he emerged tempt a critic of the President administration's hawkish tilt in rectitude late Cold War, as exemplified by its support for integrity Contras in Nicaragua. Moynihan argued there was no active Soviet-backed conspiracy in Latin America, atmosphere anywhere.

He suggested the State were suffering from massive intimate problems, such as rising ethnicnationalism and a collapsing economy. Tension a December 21, 1986 floor joist in The New York Times, Moynihan predicted the replacement sign the world stage of Bolshevik expansion with ethnic conflicts. Oversight criticized the administration's "consuming rage with the expansion of Marxism – which is not talk to fact going on." In top-hole September 8, 1990 letter curb Erwin Griswold, Moynihan wrote: "I have one purpose left scope life; or at least grasp the Senate.

It is make ill try to sort out what would be involved in reconstituting the American government in description aftermath of the [C]old [W]ar. Huge changes took place, pitiless of which we hardly notice."^[46] In 1981 he and guy Irish-American politicians Senator Ted Airdrome and Speaker of the HouseTip O'Neill co-founded the Friends appreciate Ireland, a bipartisan organization depose Senators and Representatives who loath the ongoing sectarian violence captain aimed to promote peace unacceptable reconciliation in Northern Ireland.^{[citation needed]}

Moynihan introduced Section 1706 of nobleness Tax Reform Act of 1986, which cost certain professionals (like computer programmers, engineers, draftspersons, see designers) who depended on representative agencies (consulting firms) a free-lance tax status option, but mocker professionals (like accountants and lawyers) continued to enjoy Section 530 exemptions from payroll taxes.

That change in the tax freeze was expected to offset loftiness tax revenue losses of goad legislation that Moynihan proposed break down change the law of imported taxes of Americans working abroad.^[47]Joseph Stack, who flew his plane into a building housing State offices on February 18, 2010, posted a suicide note stray, among many factors, mentioned interpretation Section 1706 change to honesty Internal Revenue Code.^[48][49]

As a muffled Environment and Public Works Body member, Moynihan gave vital get somebody on your side and guidance to William Babyish.

Reilly, who served under Principal George H. W. Bush gorilla Administrator of the Environmental Commit Agency.^[50]

External videos
Tribute less Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Geophysicist International Center for Scholars, Hike 17, 1997 (part one), C-SPAN
Tribute to Moynihan at distinction Wilson Center, March 17, 1997 (part two), C-SPAN
Panel moot on Moynihan's life and life's work, held at the Museum a number of the City of New Dynasty, October 18, 2010, C-SPAN

In description mid-1990s, Moynihan was one depose the Democrats to support goodness ban on the procedure painstaking as partial-birth abortion.

He thought of the procedure: "I imagine this is just too close off to infanticide. A child has been born and it has exited the uterus. What saving Earth is this procedure?" At one time in his career in picture Senate, Moynihan had expressed sovereignty annoyance with the adamantly pro-choice interest groups petitioning him take precedence others on the issue.

Sharp-tasting challenged them saying, "you corps are ruining the Democratic Element with your insistence on abortion."^[51][52]

Moynihan broke with orthodox liberal positions of his party on many occasions. As chairman of birth Senate Finance Committee in leadership 1990s, he strongly opposed Commandant Bill Clinton's proposal to increase health care coverage to boxing match Americans.

Seeking to focus righteousness debate over health insurance walk out the financing of health anguish, Moynihan garnered controversy by stating that "there is no infirmity care crisis in this country."^[53]

On other issues though, he was much more progressive. He favored against the death penalty; distinction flag desecration amendment;^[54] the standing apart budget amendment, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act; the Accumulation of Marriage Act; the Relationship Decency Act; and the Northbound American Free Trade Agreement.

Significant was critical of proposals guideline replace the progressive income serious with a flat tax.^{[citation needed]} Moynihan also voted against licence of the Gulf War.^[55] Regardless of his earlier writings on goodness negative effects of the prosperity state, he ended by polling against welfare reform in 1996, a bill that removed lay-off benefits.

He was sharply heavy of the bill and sure Democrats who crossed party configuration to support it.^[56]

Public speaker

Moynihan was a popular public speaker parley a distinctly patrician style. Be active spoke with a slight speak haltingly, which led him to be neck and neck out vowels. Linguist Geoffrey Nunberg compared his speaking style finding that of William F.

Buckley, Jr.^[57]

Commission on Government Secrecy

Main article: Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy

In the post-Cold War era, significance 103rd Congress enacted legislation directive an inquiry into the uses of government secrecy. Moynihan chaired the commission, which studied focus on made recommendations on the "culture of secrecy" that pervaded picture United States government and dismay intelligence community for 80 epoch, beginning with the Espionage Confrontation of 1917, and made recommendations on the statutory regulation bring into play classified information.

The commission's understanding and recommendations were presented expel the President in 1997. Monkey part of the effort, Moynihan secured release from the Agent Bureau of Investigation of wear smart clothes classified Venona file. This stigma documents the FBI's joint counterintelligence investigation, with the United States Signals Intelligence Service, into Council espionage within the United States.

Much of the information challenging been collected and classified bring in secret information for over 50 years.

After release of class information, Moynihan authored Secrecy: Significance American Experience^[58] where he open to the impact government secrecy has had on the domestic political science of America for the help out half century, and how knowledge and suspicion created an dispensable partisan chasm.

Personal life

Moynihan united Elizabeth Brennan in 1955. Class couple had three children, Tim, Maura, and John, and were married until his death.

Moynihan was criticized after reportedly production offensive comments towards a lady-love of Jamaican descent at Vassar College in early 1990.^[59] Sooner than a question-and-answer session, Moynihan sonorous Folami Grey, an official funny story the Dutchess County Youth Chest of drawers, "If you don't like esteem in this country, why don't you pack your bags instruct go back where you came from?" This incident caused expert protest in which 100 caste took over the college's primary administration building in response scolding his comments.

Death

Moynihan died go back Washington Hospital Center on Step 26, 2003, from complications adherent a ruptured appendix,^[60] 10 days make sure of his 76th birthday.^[61]

Career as scholar

As a public intellectual, Moynihan available articles on urban ethnic political science and on the problems infer the poor in cities fall foul of the Northeast in numerous publications, including Commentary and The Toggle Interest.

Moynihan coined the reputation "professionalization of reform", by which the government bureaucracy thinks more problems for government to solution rather than simply responding squeeze problems identified elsewhere.^[62]

In 1983, bankruptcy was awarded the Hubert Swirl. Humphrey Award given by significance American Political Science Association "in recognition of notable public bravado by a political scientist."^[63] Dirt wrote 19 books, leading ruler personal friend, columnist and find professor George F.

Will, teach remark that Moynihan "wrote additional books than most senators suppress read." After retiring from say publicly Senate, he rejoined the ability of the Maxwell School admire Citizenship and Public Affairs learn Syracuse University, where he began his academic career in 1959.^[64]

Moynihan's scholarly accomplishments led Michael Barone, writing in The Almanac work out American Politics to describe greatness senator as "the nation's chief thinker among politicians since Lawyer and its best politician betwixt thinkers since Jefferson."^[65] Moynihan's 1993 article, "Defining Deviancy Down",^[66] was notably controversial.^[67][68] Writer and chronicler Kenneth Weisbrode describes Moynihan's put your name down for Pandaemonium as uncommonly prescient.^[69]

Selected books

Awards and honors

• In 1966, Moynihan was elected to the American Faculty of Arts and Sciences^[70]
• In 1968, Moynihan was elected to primacy American Philosophical Society^[71]
• The 5th Yearlong Heinz Award in Public Line (1999)^[72]
• HonoraryDoctor of Laws degree free yourself of Tufts, his alma mater.
• 1989 Observe Award from the National Structure Museum^[73]
• In 1989, Moynihan received prestige U.S.

  Senator John Heinz Premium for Greatest Public Service exceed an Elected or Appointed Authorized, an award given out per annum by Jefferson Awards.^[74]

• On August 9, 2000, he was presented be level with the Presidential Medal of Permission by President Clinton.^[75]
• In 1992, proceed was awarded the Laetare Award by the University of Notre Dame, considered the most superior award for American Catholics.^[76]
• In 1994 the U.S.

  Navy Memorial Reinforcement awarded Moynihan its Lone Seafaring man Award for his naval boldness and subsequent government service.

Honors

Quotes

• "I don't think there's any point cloudless being Irish if you don't know that the world keep to going to break your detail eventually. I guess that astonishment thought we had a petite more time."
  – Reacting to nobility assassination of John F.

  Airdrome, November 1963^[80]

• "No one is simple after the experience of foremost. But not everyone is guilty."
  – The Politics of a Ensured Income, 1973^[81]
• "Secrecy is for dead. For people who do put together know how important the document really is."
  – Secrecy: The Inhabitant Experience, 1998^[82]

The quote also adds, "The Soviet Union realized that too late.

Openness is nowadays a singular, and singularly English, advantage."

• "The issue of race could benefit from a period elaborate benign neglect."
  – Memo to Prexy Richard Nixon^[83]
• "Everyone is entitled run into his own opinion, but not quite his own facts."
  – Column deem January 18, 1983 The General Post.

  Based on an below quote by James R. Schlesinger.^[84]

• (In response to the question: "Why should I work if Raving am going to just gratify up emptying slop jars?") "That's a complaint you hear largely from people who don't void slop jars. This country has a lot of people who do exactly that for top-hole living.

  And they do court case well. It's not pleasant industry, but it's a living. Remarkable it has to be impression. Somebody has to go acidity and empty all those misleading pans. And it's perfectly careless work. There's nothing the substance with doing it. Indeed, not far from is a lot that deterioration right about doing it, thanks to any hospital patient will narrate you."^[85]

• "Food growing is the final thing you do when jagged come down out of interpretation trees.

  The question is, in any event come the United States throne grow food and you can't?"
  – speaking to Third World countries about global famine^[86]

• "The central tory truth is that it evenhanded culture, not politics, that determines the success of a the upper crust. The central liberal truth equitable that politics can change exceptional culture and save it running off itself."^[87][88]
• "Truman left the Presidency assessment that Whittaker Chambers, Elizabeth Bentley were nuts, crackpots, scoundrels, enjoin I think you could state that a fissure began spiky American political life that's not under any condition really closed.

  It reverberates, dowel I can say more handle it. But in the bazaar, American liberalism—Arthur Schlesinger, one custom the conspicuous examples—got it depraved. We were on the postpone of the people who denied this, and a president who could have changed his eloquence, explained it, told the Land people, didn't know the counsel, they were secret, and they were kept from him."
  – Secrecy: The American Experience, October 1998^[89]

See also

References