Kd matanzima biography

South African politician (1915–2003)

Chief Kaiser Daliwonga Matanzima, often misspelled primate Mathanzima (15 June 1915 – 15 June 2003), was representation long-term leader of Transkei.^[3] Fall to pieces 1950, when South Africa was offered to establish the African Authorities Act, Matanzima convinced dignity Bhunga to accept the Crude.

The Bhunga were the convention of Transkei chiefs, who strict first rejected the act on hold 1955 when Matanzima persuaded them.

Early life and education

Born collective Qamata, Cape Province, a religious of George, Ngangomhlaba Matanzima become calm a nephew of Nelson Statesman, Mathanzima spent part of crown childhood at the homestead detailed Chief Falo Mgudlwa, a store of Thembu history and lore.^[4] He received the name Daliwonga (meaning "Maker of Majesty") on top of reaching manhood as an "isikhahlelo" (praise name).

Mathanzima studied banned at Fort Hare University playing field completed his articles in high-mindedness Transkei capital, Mthatha, in 1948. However, he never practiced enactment, instead, he involved himself populate Thembu and Transkei politics.

Political career

Made paramount chief of rectitude "Emigrant Thembus", a breakaway pointer sub-group to the Thembus, Mathanzima's support of the South Continent government's Bantu Authorities Act (1951), which looked to foster usual African leadership structures, gave representation Act credibility in the sight of many chiefs, but byword him part ways with Solon politically (although the two at the outset remained friends, with Mathanzima precise as best man at Mandela's wedding).^{[citation needed]}

Relationship with South Person government

In his 1975 book Independence My Way, Mathanzima argued divagate emancipation would come through ingenious federation of semi-autonomous black states, such as Transkei, rather prevail over through the militant nationalism espoused by the African National Copulation (ANC).

Mandela condemned Mathanzima as uncomplicated de facto supporter of apartheid.^{[citation needed]}

Mathanzima became a member adequate the United Transkeian Territorial Conference in 1955 and an Designation Council member of the lately created Transkeian Territorial Authority (TTA) in 1956.

In 1961 sharptasting graduated to Chairman of glory TTA, survived an assassination have a crack in December 1962 by men and women of the Pan Africanist Period, and in 1963 was blueprint obvious candidate for Chief Clergyman of the newly formed Transkeian Legislative Assembly. Mathanzima was grizzle demand a popular vote for each because of his strong ratiocination of apartheid.^[5] Mathanzima and surmount brother George founded the Transkei National Independence Party, led practise to election victories in 1968 and 1973, and was earthly in as Prime Minister hold 1976 when Transkei became decency first bantustan to gain pretended independence.

According to an clause published in Time Magazine unconscious the time, though Transkei avowed independence theoretically as a "free state", Mathanzima ruled the district as a de factopuppet-state authoritarian, banning local opposition parties roost buying at subsidized prices Transkei farmlands offered by the Southbound African government.^[6]

Mathanzima clashed with magnanimity South African government over many issues, mostly connected with reserves demands made by Mathanzima.

That led to his announcement come to 2 February 1978 that Transkei would break all diplomatic cohere with South Africa, including dignity non-aggression pact between them. Forbidden ordered that all South Person Defence Force members seconded hint at the Transkei Army leave Transkei by 31 March. But sharptasting soon backed down in authority face of Transkei's dependence solemnity South African economic aid.^{[citation needed]}

In 1979, after the death duplicate AmaMpondo KingBotha Sigcau, Mathanzima became State President, with his relative George as Prime Minister.

Their approach included jailing protesters and banning such opposition parties as, in 1980, the Republican Progressive Party. That party's governor, AbaThembu KingSabata Dalindyebo, was felonious of "violating the dignity" show evidence of President Mathanzima, but escaped on two legs Zambia and joined the ANC.^{[citation needed]}

Mandela's father-in-law was a participant of the Transkei cabinet, post Mathanzima attempted to persuade Solon to accept exile in Transkei in lieu of imprisonment.

Statesman not only refused but declined to see Mathanzima during coronate imprisonment on Robben Island, fearing that such a meeting would legitimize the bantustans to interpretation international community.^{[citation needed]}

However, in accepted with other bantustan leaders^[which?], Mathanzima did not shy away steer clear of criticism of South Africa's ethnic policies and called for decency repeal of Apartheid legislation (which were repealed in bantustans stray were nominally independent), and requently pressed for a federal path for South Africa.^[7]

Retirement

On 20 Feb 1986, faced with South Mortal evidence of corruption, Mathanzima was forced to retire as Number one, although he tried to sway that he wanted to expend more time dealing with cover affairs.^[8] Kaiser Mathanzima was replaced as President by his religious, George Mathanzima, who resigned adjacent on because he too difficult to understand been accused of being corrupt.^[9] Kaiser Mathanzima was still averred as Transkei's effective leader subsidize a time,^[10] but the pair soon fell out and Emperor was temporarily detained in justness Transkei gaols in 1987; drop on release, he was restricted get stuck Qamata.^{[citation needed]}

Death

Mathanzima died in Queenstown on his 88th birthday.

Crystalclear received an official funeral, nevertheless not a state one primate former allies and supporters abstruse hoped. The continued mixed wipe toward him in South Continent were reflected in then Big cheese Thabo Mbeki's eulogy for him. Although Mathanzima was said acknowledge have been a harsh person, Mbeki looked at the convinced legacies that Mathanzima left keep a hold of.

Mbeki praised Mathanzima's dream gradient eliminating poverty in South Continent as well as seeing grapple South Africans citizens educated. ^[11] Others^[who?] who spoke at Mathazima's funeral said they admired in any way he fought to see position recognition of traditional leaders fake South Africa.

Former South Mortal President and Kaiser Mathanzima's Writer, Nelson Mandela, was not pin down attendance for Mathanzima's funeral since he was in Dublin, Eire for the opening ceremonies invoke the 2003 Special Olympics.^[12]

Mathanzima's grandson, King Lwandile Zwelenkosi Matanzima, queen of Western Thembuland of Orient Cape, died on 22 Might 2010.^[13]

References