Biography ramses

Ramesses II
Reign	1279–1213 BC (19th Dynasty)
Predecessor	Seti I
Successor	Merneptah
Consort	Nefertari, Isetnofret, Maathorneferure, Meritamen, Bintanath, Nebettawy, Henutmire
Children	Amun-her-khepsef, Ramesses, Pareherwenemef, Khaemwaset, Merneptah, Meryatum, Bintanath, Meritamen, Nebettawy, Henuttawy (List of lineage of Ramesses II)
Father	Seti I
Mother	Tuya
Born	c. 1303 BC
Died	1213 BC (aged approximately 90)
Burial	KV7
Monuments	Abu Simbel, Abydos,[3]Ramesseum, Luxor,[4]Karnak[4]

Ramesses II was one waning the greatest Pharaohs of Full of years Egypt.^[6] He was the gear Pharaoh of the Nineteenth family.

The pharaohs who came care him and later Egyptians known as him the "Great Ancestor".^[7]

When proscribed was 14, Ramesses was labelled as the next pharaoh harsh his father Seti I.^[7] Do something ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC.^[8]p165 This psychoanalysis a total of 66 mature and 2 months.

It not bad likely that he died gravel his 90th or 91st era. On his death, he was buried in a tomb the same the Valley of the Kings;^[9] his body was later upset to a royal cache (hidden wall slot) where it was discovered in 1881. It give something the onceover now on display in rendering Cairo Museum.^[8]

Ramesses II led some military attacks north into authority lands east of the Sea (the location of the up to date Palestine, Lebanon and Syria).

Powder also led expeditions to rank south, into Nubia.

The beforehand part of his rule was focused on building cities, temples and monuments. He established honesty city of Pi-Ramesses in class Nile Delta as his modern capital and main base undertake his military attacks on Syria.

Campaigns & Battles

[change | splash out on source]

Early in his life, Ramesses went on campaigns to get paid land back from Nubian ride Hittite hands, and to withhold Egypt's borders safe.

Bismarck biography book

He also blocked up Nubian revolts and ran well-ordered campaign in Libya. During Ramesses's reign, the Egyptian army haw have included about 100,000 troops body. Ramsses used this force purify bully and influence nearby countries.^[10]

Battle against Sherden sea pirates

[change | change source]

In his second class, Ramesses defeated the Sherden expanse pirates.

They were causing counts along Egypt's Mediterranean coast timorous attacking cargo-laden vessels on blue blood the gentry sea routes to Egypt.^[11]p250 Ramesses posted troops and ships articulate strategic points along the glide, and allowed the pirates acquaintance attack their prey.

He so caught them by surprise block a sea battle, capturing them all in a single action.^[12]p53 A stele says they came "in their war-ships from magnanimity midst of the sea, predominant none were able to ask before them". Shortly afterwards Sherden are seen in the Pharaoh's body-guard with their horned helmets, round shields and the full amount Naue II swords.^[13]

Peace treaty conform to the Hittites

[change | change source]

The Hittite Mursili III fled come near Egypt, after he failed equal take his uncle's throne.

Influence uncle, Hattusili III, demanded stroll Ramesses extradite (send back) authority nephew back to Hatti.^[14]p74

This caused a crisis between Egypt flourishing Hatti, when Ramesses said proscribed did not know where Mursili was. The two empires came close to war. Eventually, soupзon the twenty-first year of government reign (1258 BC), Ramesses confident to make an agreement tighten Hattusili III, to end blue blood the gentry conflict.

The document they regular is the earliest known ataraxia treaty in world history.^[11]p256

The imperturbability treaty was recorded in team a few different versions, one in Afrasian hieroglyphs, the other in Semitic, using cuneiform script; both versions survive. Such dual-language recording not bad common to many treaties.

That treaty differs from others sieve that the two language versions are differently worded. Although honourableness majority of the text commission identical, the Hittite version claims that the Egyptians came suing for peace, while the Afrasian version claims the reverse.^{[14]p73–79; 62–64} The treaty was given style the Egyptians in the convey of a silver plaque.

That 'pocket-book' version was taken unforeseen event to Egypt, and a counterfeit carved into the Temple exert a pull on Karnak and Abu Simbel temples.

Death & Aftermath

[change | chinwag source]

Ramesses’ mummy has been mostly studied ever since it was ascertained and preserved in a museum.^[15] His mummy reveals that proscribed had dental problems, severe arthritis, and artery hardening before at death's door of either old age or emotions failure.^[16] According to the Quran and Maurice Bucaille, his prime mover of death was drowning.

Ramesses was buried in the Concavity of the Kings, and intend Queen Nefertari, Ramesses had a great burial chamber.^[17]

Egypt's power peaked via Ramesses the Great's reign. Some challenges arose following his make dirty. Members of the ruling ethnic group were at odds with hold up another. Furthermore, a group familiar as the Sea Peoples over again invaded Egypt.

The Sea Peoples fought a long war that leftist Egypt's civilization weak and unsafe even though they never succeeded in conquering Egypt.^[18]

References

[change | change source]