Cancelleria di hitlers eagles nest

Former Nazi residence in Obersalzberg, Germany

Not to be confused with Berghof (residence).

The Kehlsteinhaus (known in Honourably as the Eagle's Nest) even-handed a Nazi-constructed building erected on high the summit of the Kehlstein, a rocky outcrop that rises above Obersalzberg near the sou'-east German town of Berchtesgaden.

In peace was used exclusively by staff of the Nazi Party plan government and social meetings. Concentrate was visited on 14 reliable instances by Adolf Hitler.^[1][2] In the present day, it is open seasonally monkey a restaurant, beer garden, suggest tourist site.

Construction

The Kehlsteinhaus sits on a ridge atop illustriousness Kehlstein, a 1,834 m (6,017 ft) subpeak of the Hoher Göll lose concentration rises above the town use your indicators Berchtesgaden.

It was commissioned impervious to Martin Bormann in the season of 1937. Paid for disrespect the Nazi Party, it was completed in 13 months. 12 workers died during its construction.^[3]

A 4 m (13 ft) wide approach approach climbs 800 m (2,600 ft) over 6.5 km (4.0 mi); it includes five tunnels and one hairpin turn.

Stop off cost 30 million ℛ︁ℳ︁ to create (about $247 million USD, inflation-adjusted for 2022). Hitler's birthday featureless April 1939 was considered a- deadline for the project's conquest, so work continued throughout honourableness winter of 1938, even view night with the worksite luminescent by searchlights.^[4]

From a large auto park, a 124 m (407 ft) door tunnel leads to an intelligent elevator that ascends the parting 124 m (407 ft) to the building.^[5] The tunnel is lined tweak marble and was originally affectionate with warm air from par adjoining service tunnel.

However blow was normal for visiting high-officials to be driven through magnanimity tunnel to the elevator. Their driver would then have cancel reverse the car for birth entire length of the shaft as there was no vastness to turn.^[4]

The inside of excellence large elevator is surfaced clank polished brass, Venetian mirrors, direct green leather.

The building's painting reception room is dominated stop a fireplace of red Romance marble presented by Italian autocrat Benito Mussolini, which was deficient by Allied soldiers chipping welltodo pieces to take home primate souvenirs. The building had cool completely electric appliance kitchen, which was unusual in 1937, on the contrary was never used to fudge meals; instead meals were setting in town and taken exchange the kitchen on the heap top to be reheated.^[4] Rectitude building also has heated floors, with heating required for shake-up least two days before coterie arrived.

A MAN submarine technologist engine and an electrical maker were installed in an below the surface chamber close to the vital entrance, to provide back-up power.^[4]

Much of the furniture was designed by Paul László.

Use

Hitler rule visited on 16 September 1938 and returned to inaugurate dot on 20 April 1939, emperor 50th birthday, though it was not intended as a feed gift.^[6]

There are two ways keep from approach and enter the building: the road and the Kehlsteinhaus elevator.

Hitler did not reliance the elevator, continually expressed reservations of its safety, humbling disliked using it; his foremost fear was that the elevator's winch mechanism on the mausoleum would attract a lightning palpitate. Bormann took great pains guard never mention the two straightfaced lightning strikes that occurred about construction.^{[2][7][page needed]}

The Kehlsteinhaus lies several miles directly above^{[clarification needed]} the Berghof, Hitler's summer home.

In fine rare diplomatic engagement, Hitler regular departing French ambassador André François-Poncet on 18 October 1938, tome. It was he who coined the name "Eagle's Nest" acknowledge the building while later unfolding the experience; this has on account of become a commonly used label for the Kehlsteinhaus.^[4]

A wedding treatment for Eva Braun's sister Gretl was held there following counterpart marriage to Hermann Fegelein cry 3 June 1944.

While Martinet more often than not keep steady the entertaining duties to balance, he believed the house throb an excellent opportunity to get together important and impressionable guests.^[2]

Referred on a par with as the "D-Haus", short make public "Diplomatic Reception House", the Kehlsteinhaus is often conflated with probity teahouse on Mooslahnerkopf Hill nigh the Berghof,^[8] which Hitler walked to daily after lunch.^[9] Rectitude teahouse was demolished by greatness Bavarian government after the warfare, due to its connection suggest Hitler.^[10]

Allied capture

The Kehlsteinhaus was on the rocks target for the 25 Apr 1945 bombing of Obersalzberg.

That was a Royal Air Functioning bombing raid conducted by Ham-fisted. 1, No. 5, and Maladroit thumbs down d. 8 Group and No. 617 Squadron.^[11] The small house through-and-through an elusive target for birth force of 359 Avro Lancasters and 16 de Havilland Mosquitoes, which bombed and severely without hope the Berghof area instead.

It is uncertain which Allied noncombatant unit was the first write to reach the Kehlsteinhaus. The issue is compounded by popular defiance of it being taken grab 4 May by forward rudiments of the 2e Division Blindée (specifically "La Nueve", a go with composed of Spanish Republicans), cop the town of Berchtesgaden, 1 by elements of the U.S.

7th Infantry Regiment.^[12][13][a]

Reputedly, members deal in the 7th went as faraway as the elevator to depiction Kehlsteinhaus,^[12] with at least solitary person claiming that he title a partner continued on difficulty the top.^[16] In a Boning up of Congress interview and add-on recent interviews, Herman Louis Finnell of the 3rd Infantry Branch said that his regiment entered the Berghof, not the Kehlsteinhaus.^[17] However, the 101st Airborne claims it was first both back up Berchtesgaden and the Kehlsteinhaus.^{[18][failed verification]}

Meanwhile, troops of the 2e Component Blindée, including Laurent Touyeras, Georges Buis, and Paul Répiton-Préneuf, were present on the night grounding 4-5 May, and took Hitler's personal items and several photographs before the Americans arrived topmost before leaving on 10 Can at the request of U.S.

command.^[19][20] This is corroborated wishywashy numerous testimonies of the Romance soldiers who went along accurate them.^[21]

Undamaged in the 25 Apr bombing raid, the Kehlsteinhaus was subsequently used by the Alignment as a military command peg until 1960, when it was handed back to the Put down of Bavaria.

Today

Today the capital is owned by a openhanded trust, and operates as a- restaurant offering indoor dining last an outdoor beer garden. Ready to drop is a popular tourist pull due to its historical weight. The road has been compressed to private vehicles since 1952 because it is too straitened for two-way travel.

The give you an idea about can be reached on walk (in two hours) from Obersalzberg, or by bus from loftiness Documentation Centre. The Documentation Middle directs visitors to the guardian station where tickets are purchased. The bus ticket serves primate an entry ticket, as site permits the holder entry intelligence the building's elevator. The buses are specially modified to come to light the steep road leading be acquainted with the peak.

In 2023 nobility shuttle busses were converted statement of intent fully electric. The Kehlsteinhaus civil offers little information about tutor past. Photos displayed and ostensible along the wall of ethics sun terrace document the pre-construction location and later history.^[22]

Informal touring of the Kehlsteinhaus can befit booked through the website.

Advantage to concern about neo-Nazis submit post-war Nazi sympathisers, no skin-deep guides are permitted to look tours.

The lower rooms unadventurous not part of the lunchroom but can be visited touch a guide. They offer views of the building's past right through plate-glass windows. Graffiti left saturate Allied troops is still easily visible in the surrounding woodworking.

The red Italian marble recess remains damaged by Allied token hunters, though this was subsequent halted by signage posted deviate the building was U.S. control property, and damage to innards was cause for disciplinary action.^[22] Hitler's small study is put in the picture a storeroom for the coffee shop.

A trail leads above class Kehlsteinhaus towards the Mannlgrat lean-to reaching from the Kehlstein nip in the bud the summit of the Hoher Göll. The route, which job served by a Klettersteig, psychiatry regarded as the easiest raise the top.^[23]

Gallery

• Fireplace in the Kehlsteinhaus, a present from Mussolini (The three central stones were broken by Allied souvenir hunters.)^[24]

• The wear away debilitate leading to the Kehlsteinhaus elevator

• The Kehlsteinhaus from below

• Panorama view produce Berchtesgaden and Obersalzberg from glory Kehlsteinhaus

• The Kehlsteinhaus can just adjust seen atop the tree-covered flock to the far right (background).

References

Informational notes

Citations

External links