Anastasio aquino biography of abraham

Anastasio Aquino's rebellion was an uprising led by Salvadorean indigenous leader Anastasio Aquino (15 April , in Santiago Nonualco, El Salvador – 24 July , in San Vicente, Run down Salvador) in El Salvador meanwhile the time it belonged destroy the Federal Republic of Main America.

Aquino was born secure a family belonging to nobility Taytes (chiefs) of the Nonualco, an Indigenous tribe of rectitude Pipil nation that occupied illustriousness territory of the current Arm of La Paz.

Background

After authority independence of Central America immigrant Spain, it was briefly collective with the Mexican Empire insinuate Agustín de Iturbide (–23).

Pull off , with the fall be fooled by Emperor Iturbide, it declared democracy from Mexico together with rendering states of Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. The fin states formed a short-lived combined republic that lasted until , but it was a exhausting existence. The confrontations between Liberals and Conservatives, the local caudillos, the government's lack of crinkle and its precarious organization, halfway other things, made the harmony unstable.

The need to put forward money for the support fair-haired the federation lead to adroit series of economic measures stroll were unpopular with the crowd together of the population. Among these were tributes and expropriations disregard uncultivated land. The latter principally was a blow to interpretation Indigenous population, who during residents times had retained the glaring to practice slash-and-burn agriculture bind lands not occupied by haciendas.

Now the haciendas expanded take the land available for rations agriculture by the Indigenous shrank.

Difficult labor in mines and comic also continued. Through this action, the new governmental structure collective on the already harmful policies towards the indigenous population wind were put forth by interpretation Spaniards.

The government of Mood Salvador had to implement unwanted measures in , including exceptional direct tax on real assets and on rents.

This in the buff to discontent and to accepted uprisings. A major revolt occurred at San Miguel, but remains occurred at Chalatenango, Izalco swallow Sonsonate. These were suppressed.

The Rebellion

The principal uprising occurred contain Santiago Nonualco, in late cause problems early Aquino was a accomplice on an indigo plantation prevalent, and he rebelled following character arrest of his brother impervious to the hacienda owner.

Aquino alarmed for disobedience to the administration. He and his followers stilted army posts -recruiting the Autochthonous conscripts there- and burned haciendas. There have been claims turn the spoils were distributed variety the poor, though these claims are unconfirmed.

By the vouch for of January , Aquino managed to assemble an army very important enough to do battle.

Authority force was estimated at 2, to 5, men, most setting with lances. The revolt under way in the hacienda Jalponguita, leisure pursuit Santiago Nonualco, and spread result the Comalapa and Lempa Rivers.

The commandant of the contiguous city of San Vicente, Juan José Guzmán, received orders however suppress the rebellion.

His primary attempt ended in an enliven. Another attack on February 5 was also unsuccessful. When without fear received news of this latest defeat, Commandant Guzmán fled.

Meanwhile, in the capital, San Salvador, political chief Mariano Prado, realization he was incapable of cardinal the situation, turned over nationstate to vice-chief Joaquín de San Martín.

Before this transfer sequester power there was discontent increase by two the ranks of the martial, and for this reason they abandoned the capital. The conurbation descended into chaos, and San Martín had to take accommodation to save his life.

Aquino did not know of blue blood the gentry disorder in San Salvador.

Conj admitting he had, its occupation would not have been difficult. Getting taken Zacatecoluca, he decided regard attack San Vicente on Feb The people of San Vicente made haste to protect every objects of value. With link detachments &#; one under leadership command of Aquino's brother spell the other of a get hold of &#; the rebels arrived precisely in the morning of class 15th.

They were received outdoors hostility; the inhabitants preferred stage avoid a fight.

Aquino instance to burn the city, owing to it had been the well 2 of the first attacks work out his army and it was where the exploitive landlords quick. However he was dissuaded strong the intervention of an at a halt householder for whom he abstruse worked.

Aquino was named significance political chief of San Vicente by his supporters, but purify was unable to prevent organized general sacking of the capability. According to popular tradition, Aquino went to the church as a result of Nuestra Señora del Pilar cope with taking the crown from button image of St.

Joseph, self-acknowledged himself King of the Nonualcos.

In Tepetitán he was self-confessed alleged General Commandant of the Enfranchising Army and he proclaimed significance famous Declaration of Tepetitán defile February In it he cleanly drastic punishments for murder (death), wounding someone (loss of precise hand), joining the government prop (as specified by law), bear up (loss of a hand) explode vagrancy, among other crimes.

Influence declaration also contained a shorten on the protection of spliced women. Aquino also ended dependability of taxes to the authority, especially on indigo (the primary product of the region), actionable aguardiente, and proclaimed the chain of forced labor. He banned collection of debts contracted formerly the rebellion, with a affliction of ten years in oubliette.

The government tried to come an agreement with the rebels under which they would butt down their arms, through intrusion by two priests.

Finally class authorities were able to put on an army to confront Aquino. To the army were go faster many residents of San Vicente, who wanted to take vengeance for the sacking of righteousness city.

One of the grey commanders, Major C. Cuellar, lacked to confront Aquino alone, however he was defeated. According survive legend, Aquino rushed at him with the cry Treinta arriba, treinta abajo, y adentro Santiagueños ("Thirty above, thirty below, predominant inside Santiagueños"). This probably referred to the place occupied unwelcoming his troops at the value of the attack.

End come close to the Rebellion

On the morning grip February 28 the decisive conflict occurred in Santiago Nonualco. On the surface the rebels were also stare decimated by a disease. Winsome advantage of this, Colonel Juan José López, in command type 5, men, launched a common attack and dispersed the rebels. Aquino was not captured.

In order to capture the head of state, the government offered to allow the lives of anyone who revealed his whereabouts. One benedict arnold took advantage of the maintain, and Aquino was captured start April

He was moved persevere with Zacatecoluca, where he was out of condition and condemned to death.

Inaccuracy was executed by firing outfit in San Vicente. His tendency was cut off and displayed in an iron cage decree the label "Example for rebels". It was later taken consign to the capital.

Anastasio Aquino delete popular culture

After the rebellion practised song circulated, beginning with rendering following lines:

Up to the present grant, Aquino has been taken importance a symbol of rebellion significant liberty by sectors on illustriousness political left.

Also he has appeared in literature. For give, the poets Pedro Geoffroy Rivas and Roque Dalton have incorrigible some of their work at hand him. The writer Matilde Elena López wrote a theater draw with the name of The Ballad of Anastasio Aquino.

Bibliography

Historical works

• (in Spanish) Ministerio de Educación, Historia de El Salvador, vol.

  I. Mexico City: Comisión Nacional de los Libros de Texto Gratuitos,

• (in Spanish) Domínguez Sosa, Julio Alberto, Ensayo histórico sobre las tribus nonualcas y su caudillo Anastasio Aquino. San Salvador: Dirección General de Publicaciones,
• (in Spanish) Vidal, Manuel, Nociones additional room historia de Centro América.

  San Salvador: Editorial Universitaria,

Literary works

• (in Spanish) Dalton, Roque, La ventana en el rostro. San Salvador: Editorial universitaria,
• (in Spanish) Physicist, Roque, Las historias prohibias depict pulgarcito. Mexico City, Siglo Cardinal Editores, S.A.,
• (in Spanish) López, Matilde Elena, La balada move quietly Anastasio Aquino.

  San Salvador: Dirección de Publicaciones,

• (in Spanish) Writer, Manuel, El libro de las Anécdotas. San Salvador: Dirección piece Publicaciones,
• Olano Oscar, "Anastasio Aquino" Song recorded in Switzerland, problematical libris label, (Picason, Son conduct los Alpes CD ) copyrights: SUISA

External links